Carbonic anhydrase
Definition:
EC Tree > 4 Lyases > 4.2 Carbon-oxygen lyases > 4.2.1 Hydro-lyases > 4.2.1.1 carbonic anhydrase
Carbonic anhydrase is a zinc (or other metal) metalloenzyme that catalyzes the reversible hydration of dissolved CO2 to carbonic acid, which dissociates above neutral pH into bicarbonate and a proton. It is widespread in Archaea, Bacteria and Eukaryota, and at least eight independent classes (alpha, beta, gamma, delta, zeta, eta, theta, iota) have evolved convergently; most contain a metal cofactor, Zn2+ being the most prevalent, with Cd2+ and other metals in marine algae. It is essential for respiration, pH homeostasis, calcification and photosynthetic CO2 concentrating mechanisms. Structurally each class has a distinct active-site fold.
Carbonic anhydrase is a zinc (or other metal) metalloenzyme that catalyzes the reversible hydration of dissolved CO2 to carbonic acid, which dissociates above neutral pH into bicarbonate and a proton. It is widespread in Archaea, Bacteria and Eukaryota, and at least eight independent classes (alpha, beta, gamma, delta, zeta, eta, theta, iota) have evolved convergently; most contain a metal cofactor, Zn2+ being the most prevalent, with Cd2+ and other metals in marine algae. It is essential for respiration, pH homeostasis, calcification and photosynthetic CO2 concentrating mechanisms. Structurally each class has a distinct active-site fold.
References:
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