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Phospholipase A2

Definition:

EC Tree > 3 Hydrolases > 3.1 Acting on ester bonds > 3.1.1 Carboxylic-ester hydrolases > 3.1.1.4 phospholipase A2
Phospholipase A2 is the Ca²⁺-requiring sn-2 phospholipase. It hydrolyzes the sn-2 ester of phosphatidylcholine (also PE, choline plasmalogens and phosphatides), releasing 1-acyllysophospholipid and a fatty acid, including arachidonate for eicosanoid signaling. It occurs in viruses and cellular organisms.

References:

[1]. Matoba Y., et al. The crystal structure of prokaryotic phospholipase A2 (2002), J. Biol. Chem. , 277, 20059-20069.

[2]. Edwards S.H., et al. The crystal structure of the H48Q active site mutant of human group IIA secreted phospholipase A2 at 1.5 A resolution provides an insight into the catalytic mechanism (2002), Biochemistry , 41, 15468-15476.

[3]. Correa L.C., et al. Crystal structure of a myotoxic Asp49-phospholipase A2 with low catalytic activity: Insights into Ca2+-independent catalytic mechanism (2008), Biochim. Biophys. Acta , 1784, 591-599.

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