Squalene synthase
Definition:
EC Tree > 2 Transferases > 2.5 Transferring alkyl or aryl groups, other than methyl groups > 2.5.1 Transferring alkyl or aryl groups, other than methyl groups (only sub-subclass identified to date) > 2.5.1.21 squalene synthase
Squalene synthase is the first committed enzyme of sterol biosynthesis. This microsomal enzyme condenses two molecules of (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate to presqualene diphosphate (PSPP), which in the presence of NAD(P)H and H+ is reduced and rearranged to squalene, releasing two diphosphate and NAD(P)+. The yeast enzyme requires Mg2+ or Mn2+; in the absence of NAD(P)H PSPP accumulates and does not dissociate during squalene synthesis; high FPP inhibits squalene but not PSPP formation. It occurs in Eukaryota and Bacteria.
Squalene synthase is the first committed enzyme of sterol biosynthesis. This microsomal enzyme condenses two molecules of (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate to presqualene diphosphate (PSPP), which in the presence of NAD(P)H and H+ is reduced and rearranged to squalene, releasing two diphosphate and NAD(P)+. The yeast enzyme requires Mg2+ or Mn2+; in the absence of NAD(P)H PSPP accumulates and does not dissociate during squalene synthesis; high FPP inhibits squalene but not PSPP formation. It occurs in Eukaryota and Bacteria.
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