An analysis of the role of HnRNP C dysregulation in cancers
- Biomark Res. 2022 Apr 8;10(1):19. doi: 10.1186/s40364-022-00366-4.
- 1. The Hengyang Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.
- 2. Department of Ultrasonography, Second Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.
- 3. The Hengyang Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China. [email protected].
- 4. The Hengyang Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China. [email protected].
Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins C (hnRNP C) is part of the hnRNP family of RNA-binding proteins. The relationship between hnRNP C and cancers has been extensively studied, and dysregulation of hnRNP C has been found in many cancers. According to existing public data, hnRNP C could promote the maturation of new heterogeneous nuclear RNAs (hnRNA s, also referred to as pre-mRNAs) into mRNAs and could stabilize mRNAs, controlling their translation. This paper reviews the regulation and dysregulation of hnRNP C in cancers. It interacts with some Cancer genes and other biological molecules, such as MicroRNAs (miRNAs), long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), and double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs). Even directly binds to them. The effects of hnRNP C on biological processes such as alternative cleavage and polyadenylation (APA) and N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification differ among cancers. Its main function is regulating stability and level of translation of Cancer genes, and the hnRNP C is regarded as a candidate biomarker and might be valuable for prognosis evaluation.