223

Metformin

223 Publications Verification

Cat. No.: HY-B0627

CAS No.: 657-24-9

Synonyms: 1,1-Dimethylbiguanide

Target:

AMPK Autophagy Mitophagy Apoptosis mTOR

Research Areas:

Cardiovascular Disease Infection Neurological Disease Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer

Metformin (1,1-Dimethylbiguanide) inhibits the mitochondrial respiratory chain in the liver, leading to AMPK activation and enhancing insulin sensitivity, and can be used in the study of type 2 diabetes. Metformin exerts central glucose-lowering effects by inhibiting Ras-related protein 1 (Rap1) in SF1 hypothalamic neurons. Metformin also inhibits liver oxidative stress, nitrosative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis caused by liver ischemia/reperfusion injury. In addition, Metformin regulates the expression of autophagy-related proteins by activating AMPK and inhibiting the mTOR signaling pathway, thereby inducing tumor cell autophagy and inhibiting the growth of renal cell carcinoma in vitro and in vivo .

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223

Metformin hydrochloride

223 Publications Verification

Cat. No.: HY-17471A

CAS No.: 1115-70-4

Synonyms: 1,1-Dimethylbiguanide hydrochloride

Target:

AMPK Autophagy Mitophagy Apoptosis mTOR

Research Areas:

Cardiovascular Disease Infection Neurological Disease Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer

Metformin (1,1-Dimethylbiguanide) hydrochloride inhibits the mitochondrial respiratory chain in the liver, leading to AMPK activation and enhancing insulin sensitivity, and can be used in the study of type 2 diabetes. Metformin hydrochloride exerts central glucose-lowering effects by inhibiting Ras-related protein 1 (Rap1) in SF1 hypothalamic neurons. Metformin hydrochloride also inhibits liver oxidative stress, nitrosative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis caused by liver ischemia/reperfusion injury. In addition, Metformin hydrochloride regulates the expression of autophagy-related proteins by activating AMPK and inhibiting the mTOR signaling pathway, thereby inducing tumor cell autophagy and inhibiting the growth of renal cell carcinoma in vitro and in vivo .

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33

Eicosapentaenoic Acid

33 Cited Publications

Cat. No.: HY-B0660

CAS No.: 10417-94-4

Synonyms: EPA; Timnodonic acid

Category:

Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Neurological Disease Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Marine natural products Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Cancer

Target:

Endogenous Metabolite Histone Demethylase

Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA) is an orally active Omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (ω-3 LC-PUFA). Eicosapentaenoic Acid exhibits a DNA demethylating action that promotes the re-expression of the tumor suppressor gene CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein δ (C/EBPδ). Eicosapentaenoic Acid activates RAS/ERK/C/EBPβ pathway through H-Ras intron 1 CpG island demethylation in U937 leukemia cells. Eicosapentaenoic Acid can promote relaxation of vascular smooth muscle cells and vasodilation .

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33

Eicosapentaenoic Acid sodium

33 Cited Publications

Cat. No.: HY-W011269

CAS No.: 73167-03-0

Synonyms: EPA sodium; Timnodonic acid sodium

Category:

Cardiovascular Disease Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields

Target:

Endogenous Metabolite Histone Demethylase

Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA)sodium is an orally active Omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (ω-3 LC-PUFA). Eicosapentaenoic Acid sodium exhibits a DNA demethylating action that promotes the re-expression of the tumor suppressor gene CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein δ (C/EBPδ). Eicosapentaenoic Acid sodium activates RAS/ERK/C/EBPβ pathway through H-Ras intron 1 CpG island demethylation in U937 leukemia cells. Eicosapentaenoic Acid sodium can promote relaxation of vascular smooth muscle cells and vasodilation .

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16

Salirasib

16 Cited Publications

Cat. No.: HY-14754

CAS No.: 162520-00-5

Purity: 99.04%

Synonyms: S-Farnesylthiosalicylic acid; Farnesyl Thiosalicylic Acid; FTS

Target:

Ras Autophagy

Research Areas:

Cancer

Salirasib is a Ras inhibitor that inhibits specifically both oncogenically activated Ras and growth factor receptor-mediated Ras activation, resulting in the inhibition of Ras-dependent tumor growth.

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15

Lonafarnib

15 Cited Publications

Cat. No.: HY-15136

CAS No.: 193275-84-2

Purity: 99.60%

Synonyms: Sch66336

Target:

Farnesyl Transferase Tau Protein RSV Akt Ras Bcl-2 Family STAT nAChR Apoptosis Autophagy

Lonafarnib (Sch66336) is an orally active, blood-brain barrier penetrant farnesyltransferase (FPTase) inhibitor. Lonafarnib increases the phosphorylation levels of Akt, CaMKII and CREB, upregulates BDNF expression in the hippocampus, elevates the content of α7nAChR on cell membranes, and blocks the isoprenylation of H-Ras. Lonafarnib repairs synapses and reverses spatial memory deficits in Aβ1-42 model mice. Lonafarnib inhibits RSV fusion and replication, and alleviates virus-induced lung injury. Lonafarnib activates the lysosomal and autophagic pathways, and reduces the phosphorylation and aggregation of tau. Lonafarnib acts synergistically with Sorafenib (HY-10201) to promote apoptosis, and inhibits the proliferation and invasion of melanoma cells. Lonafarnib inhibits the farnesylation of progerin, repairs nuclear membrane defects, and activates the cGAS-STING-STAT1 signaling pathway. Lonafarnib can be used in research related to diseases including Alzheimer's disease, viral infections, melanoma, and progeria .

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12

Grassofermata

12 Cited Publications

Cat. No.: HY-112473

CAS No.: 419547-11-8

Purity: 99.10%

Synonyms: NAV-2729

Target:

Ras

Research Areas:

Cancer

Grassofermata is a dual Arf1/Arf6 activation inhibitor. ADP ribosylation factors (Arfs) are members of the Arf family of GTP-binding proteins of the Ras superfamily.

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11

Aldosterone

11 Cited Publications

Cat. No.: HY-113313

CAS No.: 52-39-1

Purity: 98.93%

Category:

Cardiovascular Disease Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Steroids

Target:

Endogenous Metabolite

Aldosterone is the primary mineralocorticoid. Aldosterone is a steroid hormone, and it is synthesized and secreted in response to renin-angiotensin system activation (RAS) or high dietary potassium by the zona glomerulosa (ZG) of the adrenal cortex. Aldosterone activity is dependent by the binding and activation of the cytoplasmic/nuclear mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) at cellular level .

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9

SB-590885

9 Cited Publications

Cat. No.: HY-10966

CAS No.: 405554-55-4

Purity: 99.77%

Target:

Raf Apoptosis

Research Areas:

Neurological Disease Cancer

SB-590885 is a BRAF/c-Raf kinase inhibitor that selectively targets B-Raf, and it amplifies the ERK/MAPK signaling pathway in RAS-activated cells. SB-590885 effectively inhibits the malignant proliferation, transformation and tumorigenicity of oncogenic B-Raf cells; it also induces the proliferation of erythroid progenitor cells, delays their differentiation and promotes hemoglobin synthesis, thereby improving ineffective erythropoiesis and reducing apoptosis. SB-590885 exerts a synergistic effect with TGF-β inhibitors and glucocorticoids, significantly promoting the formation of erythroid colonies in cells from patients with Diamond-Blackfan anemia (DBA). SB-590885 is mainly used in relevant studies on DBA, cisplatin-induced myelosuppression-related anemia, and pan-cancers such as melanoma and colorectal cancer .

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8

SKI II

8 Cited Publications

Cat. No.: HY-13822

CAS No.: 312636-16-1

Purity: 99.25%

Target:

SphK Dihydroceramide Desaturase 1 (DES1) Apoptosis Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) mTOR PERK Keap1-Nrf2

Research Areas:

Infection Neurological Disease Cancer

SKI-II is an orally active dual-target inhibitor of SphK1/2 and DES1, with K_i values of 16 µM and 0.3 µM against SphK1 and DES1, respectively. SKI-II activates the PERK-Nrf2 antioxidant pathway by stabilizing Nrf2, and synergizes with Temozolomide (HY-17364) to induce oxidative/endoplasmic reticulum stress and cancer cell death under hypoxic conditions. In vivo, SKI-II inhibits SphK activity, promotes ceramide accumulation and apoptosis, and synergizes with Cisplatin (HY-17394) to reverse drug resistance via the ras/MAPK pathway. SKI-II reduces measles virus replication by inhibiting mTORC1 activity. SKI-II binds to VCP to induce M1 polarization, enhances host tolerance to Staphylococcus aureus infection, and exerts radioprotective effects through Nrf2 activation and accelerated DNA repair. SKI-II can be used in research related to glioblastoma, acute myeloid leukemia, gastric cancer, measles virus infection, Staphylococcus aureus infection, and acute radiation syndrome .

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5

ML-099

5 Cited Publications

Cat. No.: HY-124306

CAS No.: 496775-95-2

Purity: 99.75%

Synonyms: CID-888706

Target:

Ras

Research Areas:

Cancer

ML-099 (CID-888706) is a pan Ras-related GTPases activator that can activate Rac1, cell division cycle 42, Ras, Rab7, and Rab-2A .

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