Tetrahydrouridine dihydrate
Based on 3 publication(s) in Google Scholar
Tetrahydrouridine dihydrate (THU dihydrate) is potent inhibitor of cytidine deaminase (CDA), which competitively blocks the enzyme's active site more effectively than intrinsic cytidine.
For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
- Purity : 99.85%
- Formula: C9H20N2O8
- Molecular Weight:284.26
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Storage:
-20°C, sealed storage, away from moisture
* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)
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Biological Activity
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Chemical Information
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Solvent & Solubility
- Purity & Documentation
- References
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Help & FAQs
Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Tetrahydrouridine dihydrate
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Biological Activity
Description
IC50 & Target
cytidine deaminase (CDA)[1]
In Vitro
Tetrahydrouridine (THU) is a specific inhibitor of cytidine deaminase (CDA) which can suppress deamination in the catabolism of cytotoxic deoxycytidine analogues like ara-C and Gemcitabine. To test how Tetrahydrouridine affects the Gemcitabine-mediated anti-neoplastic effect on pancreatic and lung carcinoma cells, a combination therapy is performed. As expected, high CDA expression in BxPC-3 and H441 results in improved Gemcitabine sensitivity after a 100 μM Tetrahydrouridine treatment. The sensitivity of BxPC-3 and H441 cell lines increases by as much as approximately 2.1 and 4.4 fold respectively. On the other hand, MIAPaCa-2 and H1299 cells unexpectedly become more sensitive to Gemcitabine with low CDA expression. MIAPaCa-2 and H1299 cells show a change in IC50 of 2.2 and 2.3 fold respectively. However, Panc-1 and H322 cells do not show significant changes in drug sensitivity. These data suggested that Tetrahydrouridine can sensitize some pancreatic and lung carcinoma cells to Gemcitabine-induced cell death regardless of CDA expression levels. Tetrahydrouridine inhibits S-phase without apoptosis[1].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
In Vivo
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Clinical Trial
| NCT Number | Sponsor | Condition | Start Date |
Phase
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NCT01329991 | 2011-05 | PHASE1 |
Chemical Information
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Appearance Solid
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Molecular Weight 284.26
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Formula C9H20N2O8
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Color White to off-white
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SMILES
O=C1N([C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)CCC(O)N1.[H]O[H].[H]O[H]
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Synonyms
THU dihydrate; NSC-112907 dihydrate
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Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Storage
-20°C, sealed storage, away from moisture
* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)
Publications (3)
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Journal Impact Factor
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Most Recent
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Nucleic Acids Res
Metabolic isotopic labeling of (deoxy)ribose enables dual neutral loss scanning for profiling nucleic acid modifications. [Abstract]2026 Feb 24;54(5):gkag155. PMID: 41732913 -
Int J Nanomedicine
Improved Antitumor Efficiency of N4 -Tetradecyloxycarbonyl Gemcitabine-Loaded Liposomes for Pancreatic Cancer Chemotherapy. [Abstract]2024 Dec 11:19:13391-13410. PMID: 39679246 -
Biochem Biophys Res Commun
Mycoplasma infection of cancer cells enhances anti-tumor effect of oxidized methylcytidines. [Abstract]2023 Sep 10:672:193-200. PMID: 37356286
Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro:
DMSO : 100 mg/mL (351.79 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)
H2O : 50 mg/mL (175.90 mM; Need ultrasonic)
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
In Vivo:
Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.
- For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
- To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
- The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline
Solubility: ≥ 5 mg/mL (17.59 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (50.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)
Solubility: ≥ 5 mg/mL (17.59 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (50.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:
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Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL
This product has good water solubility, please refer to the measured solubility data in water/PBS/Saline for details.
Purity & Documentation
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Data Sheet (294 KB)
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SDS (252 KB)
- English - EN (252 KB)
- Français - FR (252 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (252 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (252 KB)
- Español - ES (252 KB)
- Swedish - SV (252 KB)
- Italian - IT (252 KB)
- Korean - KR (252 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (252 KB)
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Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
[1]. Funamizu N, et al. Tetrahydrouridine inhibits cell proliferation through cell cycle regulation regardless of cytidine deaminase expression levels. PLoS One. 2012;7(5):e37424. [Content Brief]
[2]. Terse P, et al. Subchronic oral toxicity study of decitabine in combination with tetrahydrouridine in CD-1 mice. Int J Toxicol. 2014 Mar-Apr;33(2):75-85. [Content Brief]
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
| Optional Solvent | Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 25 mg |
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| H2O / DMSO | 1 mM | 3.5179 mL | 17.5895 mL | 35.1791 mL | 87.9477 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.7036 mL | 3.5179 mL | 7.0358 mL | 17.5895 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.3518 mL | 1.7590 mL | 3.5179 mL | 8.7948 mL | |
| 15 mM | 0.2345 mL | 1.1726 mL | 2.3453 mL | 5.8632 mL | |
| 20 mM | 0.1759 mL | 0.8795 mL | 1.7590 mL | 4.3974 mL | |
| 25 mM | 0.1407 mL | 0.7036 mL | 1.4072 mL | 3.5179 mL | |
| 30 mM | 0.1173 mL | 0.5863 mL | 1.1726 mL | 2.9316 mL | |
| 40 mM | 0.0879 mL | 0.4397 mL | 0.8795 mL | 2.1987 mL | |
| 50 mM | 0.0704 mL | 0.3518 mL | 0.7036 mL | 1.7590 mL | |
| 60 mM | 0.0586 mL | 0.2932 mL | 0.5863 mL | 1.4658 mL | |
| 80 mM | 0.0440 mL | 0.2199 mL | 0.4397 mL | 1.0993 mL | |
| 100 mM | 0.0352 mL | 0.1759 mL | 0.3518 mL | 0.8795 mL |
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Tetrahydrouridine dihydrate Related Classifications
HY-15345 Related Classifications
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