Antiviral

Brefeldin A (BFA) is a lactone antibiotic and a specific inhibitor of protein trafficking. Brefeldin A blocks the transport of secreted and membrane proteins from endoplasmic reticulum to Golgi apparatus. Brefeldin A is also an autophagy and mitophagy inhibitor. Brefeldin A inhibits HSV-1 and has anti-cancer activity.

Tunicamycin is a mixture of homologous nucleoside antibiotic that inhibits N-linked glycosylation and blocks GlcNAc phosphotransferase (GPT). Tunicamycin causes accumulation of unfolded proteins in cell endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and induces ER stress, and causes blocking of DNA synthesis and cell cycle arrest in G1 phase. Tunicamycin inhibits gram-positive bacteria, yeasts, fungi, and viruses and has anti-cancer activity.Tunicamycin increases exosome release in cervical cancer cells.

Filipin complex is a potent polyene macrolide antifungal antibiotic. Filipin complex inserts into membranes and sequester cholesterol into complexes and inhibits PRRSV entry. The Filipin complex consists of about 75.8% Filipin III (HY-N6718), 10.8% Filipin IV, 9.1% Filipin II, and 1.2% Filipin I (Ex/Em = 380/430 nm).

Ivermectin (MK-933) is a broad-spectrum anti-parasite agent. Ivermectin (MK-933) is a specific inhibitor of Impα/β1-mediated nuclear import and has potent antiviral activity towards both HIV-1 and dengue virus. It is a positive allosteric effector of P2X₄ and the α7 neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChRs). Ivermectin also inhibits bovine herpesvirus1 (BoHV-1) replication and inhibits BoHV-1 DNA polymerase nuclear import. Ivermectin is a candidate therapeutic against SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19.

Novobiocin (Albamycin; Cathomycin) sodium is an orally active antibiotic and Hsp-90 antagonist that also inhibits the Polθ helicase/ATPase domain with IC₅₀ values of 24 μM and 15-17 μM, respectively. Novobiocin sodium binds to Hsp90, GyrB, and POLθ, inhibiting their ATPase activity and ssDNA binding. Novobiocin sodium inhibits molecular chaperone function and DNA repair, and induces apoptosis and genomic instability. Novobiocin sodium exhibits bactericidal and antiparasitic activities. Novobiocin sodium inhibits tumor growth in vivo. Novobiocin sodium is used for research on equine piroplasmosis, ovarian cancer, breast cancer, anthrax, and melioidosis.

Nanchangmycin, a polyether antibiotic produced by Streptomyces nanchangensis NS3226, inhibits gram-positive bacteria. Nanchangmycin is a broad spectrum antiviral active against Zika virus.

Dianemycin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Dianemycin (HY-100528A). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Dianemycin (Nanchangmycin free acid), a polyether antibiotic produced by Streptomyces nanchangensis NS3226, inhibits gram-positive bacteria. Nanchangmycin is a broad spectrum antiviral active against Zika virus.

Dianemycin (Nanchangmycin free acid), a polyether antibiotic produced by Streptomyces nanchangensis NS3226, inhibits gram-positive bacteria. Nanchangmycin is a broad spectrum antiviral active against Zika virus.

Nanchangmycin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Nanchangmycin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Nanchangmycin, a polyether antibiotic produced by Streptomyces nanchangensis NS3226, inhibits gram-positive bacteria[1]. Nanchangmycin is a broad spectrum antiviral active against Zika virus[2].

Tubercidin (7-Deazaadenosine) is an antibiotic obtained from Streptomyces tubercidicus. Tubercidin inhibits the growth of Streptococcus faecalis (8043) with an IC₅₀ of 0.02 μM. Tubercidin inhibits polymerases by incorporating DNA or RNA, thereby inhibiting DNA replication, RNA and protein synthesis. Tubercidin is a weak inhibitor of adenosine phosphorylase, and interferes with the phosphorylation of adenosine and AMP. Tubercidin has antiviral activity.

Clofoctol is a bacteriostatic antibiotic. Clofoctol is used in the treatment of respiratory tract and ear, nose and throat infections caused by Gram-positive bacteria. Clofoctol is only functional against Gram-positive bacteria and can penetrate into human lung tissue. Clofoctol is also an inhibitor of prostate cancer. Clofoctol has antiviral potency.

Vidarabine (Ara-A) is a Purine nucleoside derivative and Antiviral agent. The triphosphate derivative of Vidarabine competitively inhibits DNA polymerase, incorporates into the terminus of elongating DNA molecules, and interferes with the early steps of viral DNA synthesis. Vidarabine inhibits the replication of herpes simplex virus, varicella-zoster virus, cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus and vaccinia virus, reduces viral shedding, and accelerates skin healing. Vidarabine is metabolized to arabinosyl hypoxanthine, causes minimal impairment of corneal wound healing in rabbit models, and is associated with recurrence of herpes simplex encephalitis. Vidarabine can be used in the research of herpetic keratoconjunctivitis, herpes simplex encephalitis, herpetic uveitis, and chronic active hepatitis associated with hepatitis B virus.

Tyrothricin is a polypeptide antibiotic mixture isolated from Bacillus brevis and consists of tyrocidines and gramicidins. Tyrothricin shows activity against bacteria, fungi and some viruses. Tyrothricin containing formulations are used in sore throat agents and in agents for the healing of infected superficial and small-area wounds.

Erythromycin Ethylsuccinate is an antibiotic useful for the treatment of a number of bacterial infections, has an antimicrobial spectrum similar to or slightly wider than that of penicillin. Erythromycin Ethylsuccinate has antiviral activity against HIV-1.

Aeroplysinin 1 ((+)-Aeroplysinin-1), a secondary metabolite isolated from marine sponges, shows potent antibiotic effects on Gram-positive bacteria and exerts antiviral activity against HIV-1 (IC₅₀=14.6 μM). Aeroplysinin 1 has anti-inflammatory, anti-angiogenic and anti-tumor activities. Aeroplysinin 1 induces apoptosis in endothelial cells.

Clofoctol (Standard) is the analytical standard of Clofoctol. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Clofoctol is a bacteriostatic antibiotic. Clofoctol is used in the treatment of respiratory tract and ear, nose and throat infections caused by Gram-positive bacteria. Clofoctol is only functional against Gram-positive bacteria and can penetrate into human lung tissue. Clofoctol is also an inhibitor of prostate cancer. Clofoctol has antiviral potency.

Brefeldin A (Standard) (BFA (Standard)) is the analytical standard of Rutin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Brefeldin A (BFA) is a lactone antibiotic and a specific inhibitor of protein trafficking. Brefeldin A blocks the transport of secreted and membrane proteins from endoplasmic reticulum to Golgi apparatus. Brefeldin A is also an autophagy and mitophagy inhibitor. Brefeldin A inhibits HSV-1 and has anti-cancer activity.

Tubercidin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Tubercidin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Tubercidin (7-Deazaadenosine) is an antibiotic obtained from Streptomyces tubercidicus. Tubercidin inhibits the growth of Streptococcus faecalis (8043) with an IC50 of 0.02 μM[1]. Tubercidin inhibits polymerases by incorporating DNA or RNA, thereby inhibiting DNA replication, RNA and protein synthesis[2]. Tubercidin is a weak inhibitor of adenosine phosphorylase, and interferes with the phosphorylation of adenosine and AMP[1]. Tubercidin has antiviral activity[2].

Erythromycin Ethylsuccinate (Standard) is the analytical standard of Erythromycin Ethylsuccinate. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Erythromycin Ethylsuccinate is an antibiotic useful for the treatment of a number of bacterial infections, has an antimicrobial spectrum similar to or slightly wider than that of penicillin. Erythromycin Ethylsuccinate has antiviral activity against HIV-1.

Vidarabine (Standard) (Ara-A (Standard)) is the analytical standard of Vidarabine (HY-B0277). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Vidarabine (Ara-A) is a Purine nucleoside derivative and Antiviral agent. The triphosphate derivative of Vidarabine competitively inhibits DNA polymerase, incorporates into the terminus of elongating DNA molecules, and interferes with the early steps of viral DNA synthesis. Vidarabine inhibits the replication of herpes simplex virus, varicella-zoster virus, cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus and vaccinia virus, reduces viral shedding, and accelerates skin healing. Vidarabine is metabolized to arabinosyl hypoxanthine, causes minimal impairment of corneal wound healing in rabbit models, and is associated with recurrence of herpes simplex encephalitis. Vidarabine can be used in the research of herpetic keratoconjunctivitis, herpes simplex encephalitis, herpetic uveitis, and chronic active hepatitis associated with hepatitis B virus.