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Biological Activity: Sodium malonate is an inhibitor of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) and can interfere with the TCA cycle. Sodium malonate can act as an AcrAB‑TolC efflux pump inhibitor, blocking multidrug efflux processes in bacteria and enhancing the efficacy of antibiotics. Sodium malonate can be converted to malonyl‑CoA, which mediates protein lysine malonylation, relieves the transcriptional repression effect of STAT6, upregulates TCF1 protein expression, and thereby promotes CD8⁺ T cell memory differentiation. Sodium malonate can stimulate ovarian steroidogenesis in immature rats, increasing ovarian and uterine weights and ovarian cholesterol production. Sodium malonate can inhibit brain ATP production, leading to energy deficiency, neuronal glutamate accumulation, and excitotoxic striatal lesions. Sodium malonate can be used in research on metabolism-related diseases, immune-related diseases, and bacterial infections, and can also serve as an intermediate for research related to organic synthesis^{[1][2][3][4][5]}.