48

Cytochalasin B

48 Publications Verification

Cat. No.: HY-16928

CAS No.: 14930-96-2

Synonyms: Phomin

Category:

Natural Products Microorganisms Disease Research Fields Cancer

Target:

Arp2/3 Complex

Cytochalasin B is a cell-permeable mycotoxin binding to the barbed end of actin filaments, disrupting the formation of actin polymers, with K_d value of 1.4-2.2 nM for F-actin. Cytochalasin B blocks cell migration.

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21

Deoxynivalenol

21 Cited Publications

Cat. No.: HY-N6684

CAS No.: 51481-10-8

Synonyms: Vomitoxin

Category:

Microorganisms Terpenoids Sesquiterpenes Metabolic Disease Disease Research Fields

Target:

P-glycoprotein

Deoxynivalenol, an orally active mycotoxin of the trichothecenes family, crosses the intestinal mucosa by a paracellular pathway through the tight junctions. The Deoxynivalenol transport is not affected by P-glycoprotein (PgP) or multidrug resistance-associated proteins (MRPs) inhibitors .

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12

Paxilline

12 Cited Publications

Cat. No.: HY-N6778

CAS No.: 57186-25-1

Category:

Alkaloids Microorganisms Neurological Disease Terpenoids Diterpenoids Plants Other Families Extract Disease Research Fields Indole Alkaloids

Target:

Potassium Channel Calcium Channel Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)

Paxilline is an indole alkaloid mycotoxin derived from Penicillium paxilli, which effectively inhibits the BK channel through a channel-blocking mechanism. Paxilline also inhibits sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca ²⁺-stimulated ATPase (SERCA), with IC₅₀ values ranging from 5 μM to 50 μM for different SERCA isoforms. Paxilline exhibits significant anticonvulsant and neuroprotective effects, as well as certain antioxidant activity .

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11

Zearalenone

11 Cited Publications

Cat. No.: HY-103447

CAS No.: 17924-92-4

Purity: 98.22%

Synonyms: Mycotoxin F2; Toxin F2

Category:

Microorganisms Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Other Diseases Phenols Polyphenols Disease Research Fields

Target:

Estrogen Receptor/ERR

Zearalenone is a mycotoxin produced mainly by fungi belonging to the genus Fusarium in foods and feeds. Possess oestrogenic activity in pigs, cattle and sheep, with low acute toxicity. Causes precocious development of mammae and other estrogenic effects in young gilts .

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10

Fumonisin B1

10 Cited Publications

Cat. No.: HY-N6719

CAS No.: 116355-83-0

Category:

Infection Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Microorganisms Antibiotics Disease Research Antibacterial Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Other Antibiotics

Target:

Acyltransferase

Fumonisin B1 is a mycotoxin produced from Fusarium moniliforme. Fumonisin B1 is a potent inhibitor of sphingosine N-acyltransferase (ceramide synthase) and disrupts de novo sphingolipid biosynthesis. Fumonisin B1 is the most abundant and toxic fumonisin .

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4

Patulin

4 Cited Publications

Cat. No.: HY-N6779

CAS No.: 149-29-1

Synonyms: Terinin

Category:

Infection Natural Products Microorganisms Disease Research Fields

Target:

Bacterial Apoptosis Autophagy Antibiotic

Patulin (Terinin) is a mycotoxin produced by fungi including the Aspergillus, Penicillium, and Byssochlamys species, causes chromosome breakage, mutation, teratogenic and cytotoxic. Patulin induces autophagy-dependent apoptosis through lysosomal-mitochondrial axis, and causes DNA damage .

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2

Gliotoxin

2 Cited Publications

Cat. No.: HY-N6727

CAS No.: 67-99-2

Synonyms: Aspergillin

Category:

Anti-inflammation/Immunoregulatory Disease Research Antibacterial Biological Pesticide Research Other Antibiotics Agricultural Research Infection Microorganisms Antibiotics Disease Research Fields Inflammation/Immunology

Target:

Apoptosis PKA NF-κB Bacterial Fungal Antibiotic

Gliotoxin is a secondary metabolite, the most abundant mycotoxin secreted by A. fumigatus, inhibits the phagocytosis of macrophages and the immune functions of other immune cells . Gliotoxin inhibits inducible NF-κB activity by preventing IκB degradation, which consequently induces host-cell apoptosis . Gliotoxin activates PKA and increases intracellular cAMP concentration; modulates actin cytoskeleton rearrangement to facilitate A. fumigatus internalization into lung epithelial cells . Gliotoxin is a potent NOTCH2 transactivation inhibitor, can effectively induce apoptosis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells .

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2

Brevianamide F

2 Cited Publications

Cat. No.: HY-100385

CAS No.: 38136-70-8

Purity: 99.03%

Synonyms: Cyclo(L-Pro-L-Trp)

Category:

Infection Alkaloids Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Microorganisms Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Indole Alkaloids

Target:

PI3K Bacterial

Brevianamide F (Cyclo(L-Pro-L-Trp)) is a mycotoxin isolated from Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, with antibacterial activity. Brevianamide F shows potent PI3Kα inhibitory activity with an IC₅₀ of 4.8 μM .

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1

Tenuazonic acid

1 Cited Publications

Cat. No.: HY-N6715

CAS No.: 610-88-8

Category:

Infection Microorganisms Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Disease Research Fields Biological Pesticide Research Agricultural Research

Target:

Influenza Virus Bacterial Enterovirus Photosystem II

Tenuazonic acid is a nonhost-selective mycotoxin belonging to the tetramic acids family. Tenuazonic acid inhibits protein biosynthesis on ribosomes by suppressing the release of new protein. Tenuazonic acid is acutely toxic, and oral LD₅₀ is set between 81-186 mg/kg in rats and mice. Tenuazonic acid blocks electron transport beyond the primary quinone receptor (QA) by interacting with the D1 protein and is a photosystem II (PSII) inhibitor. In addition, Tenuazonic acid has antiviral effects on measles virus, enterovirus, respiratory virus and so on. Tenuazonic acid has an inhibitory effect on skin cancer .

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1

Penicillic acid

1 Cited Publications

Cat. No.: HY-N6777

CAS No.: 90-65-3

Category:

Microorganisms Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids

Target:

Caspase Bacterial Apoptosis Antibiotic

Penicillic acid is a polyketide mycotoxin produced by several species of Aspergillus and Penicillium. Penicillic acid exhibits cytotoxicity in rat alveolar macrophages (AM) in vitro. Penicillic acid inhibits Fas ligand-induced apoptosis by blocking self-processing of caspase-8 .

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1

Verrucarin A

1 Cited Publications

Cat. No.: HY-107426

CAS No.: 3148-09-2

Purity: 99.89%

Synonyms: Muconomycin A

Target:

Apoptosis Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)

Research Areas:

Cancer

Verrucarin A (Muconomycin A), a Type D macrocyclic mycotoxin derived from the pathogen fungus Myrothecium verrucaria, is an inhibitor of protein synthesis. Verrucarin A inhibits growth of leukemia cell lines and activates caspases and apoptosis and inflammatory signaling in macrophages. Verrucarin A effectively increased the phosphorylation of p38 MAPK and diminished the phosphorylation of ERK/Akt. Verrucarin A caused cell cycle deregulation through the induction of p21 and p53 .

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1

Roquefortine C

1 Cited Publications

Cat. No.: HY-N6748

CAS No.: 58735-64-1

Category:

Infection Microorganisms Cyclopeptides Disease Research Fields

Target:

P-glycoprotein Cytochrome P450 Bacterial c-Met/HGFR

Roquefortine C is a mycotoxin that can be isolated from Penicillium species. Roquefortine C is an agonist of P-gp and an inhibitor of P450 3A and P450 1A. Roquefortine C can inhibit Gram-positive bacteria and also has certain neurotoxicity. Additionally, Roquefortine C can exert antitumor activity .

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1

Enniatin B1

1 Cited Publications

Cat. No.: HY-N3807

CAS No.: 19914-20-6

Category:

Cardiovascular Disease Infection Alkaloids Microorganisms Other Alkaloids Disease Research Fields

Target:

Acyltransferase ERK NF-κB

Enniatin B1 is a Fusarium mycotoxin. Enniatin B1 inhibits acyl-CoA: cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) activity with an IC₅₀ of 73 μM in an enzyme assay using rat liver microsomes . Enniatin B1 crosss the blood-brain barrier . Enniatin B1 decreases the activation of ERK (p44/p42). Enniatin B1 inhibits moderately TNF-α-induced NF-κB activation .

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1

Moniliformin sodium salt

1 Cited Publications

Cat. No.: HY-101905

CAS No.: 71376-34-6

Purity: 99.62%

Category:

Infection Microorganisms Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Disease Research Fields

Target:

Fungal Antibiotic

Moniliformin sodium salt is a potent mycotoxin isolate from Fusarium moniliforme.

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Deoxynivalenol-3-β-D-glucoside

Cat. No.: HY-N11678

CAS No.: 131180-21-7

Synonyms: DON-3-β-D-glucoside; Deoxynivalenol 3-glucoside

Category:

Natural Products Microorganisms

Target:

Drug Metabolite

Deoxynivalenol-3-β-D-glucoside (DON-3-β-D-glucoside) is a plant metabolite of the Fusarium mycotoxin Deoxynivalenol (HY-N6684). Deoxynivalenol-3-β-D-glucoside exhibits lower toxicity than Deoxynivalenol in vitro and in vivo .

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